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Aging & Longevity, All About Herbs, Herbs & Formulas, Pain

七叶莲

Skye Sturgeon, DAOM |

qi ye lian
by Skye Sturgeon, DAOM

Qī yè lián 七叶莲 (“Seven-leaf lotus”)/ Schefflera arboricola stem and leaf is an herb that should be included in every herbal practitioner’s tool kit.  While not widely known, it has a long history of use in folk remedies among ethnic minority groups in China such as the Yi, Hani, and Zhuang for minor or occasional pain from arthritic joints and injuries. Our Plum Flower® tablet product, Qi Ye Lian Tablets (MW# 3931) is comprised of a water-based extract of this single herb.

Ming Dynasty scholar Li Shizhen commented about Qi ye lian in his Běn Cǎo Gāng Mù本草纲目/ Compendium of Materia Medica: "Seven-leafed lotus, the deep mountains are my home. If I encounter carbuncles, it is within my reach, as if they were my hand." This short description speaks to Qi ye lian’s native environment and medicinal properties. Although now cultivated in Taiwan, Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi and many other parts of China, it originally grew wild deep in the mountains of Yunnan and Hubei provinces. Interestingly, even though its name would suggest that it has seven leaves, in fact Qi ye lian can have 6-9 leaves arranged around in a single petiole. The common names of this herb include Schefflera, Umbrella Tree, Australian Ivy Palm, Octopus Tree, and others. It is also a common houseplant.

Revered as a "life-saving herb" among native peoples, Qi ye lian is renowned for its miraculous healing properties and powerful analgesic effect. When infused in wine or decocted in water, it is purported to treat fractures, and for bleeding from traumatic injuries, the fresh leaves were traditionally crushed and applied directly to the affected area with excellent hemostatic effect.

In traditional Chinese medicine, this spicy, slightly bitter and warm herb enters the Liver Channel, and is one of the rare herbs that can be used both singly and in combination for a wide range of clinical applications. It not only invigorates Blood, dissipates Blood stasis, relieves pain and reduces swelling, but also relaxes and opens tendons and Channels, and dispels Wind Damp. 

It has an analgesic, sedative, and antispasmodic effect that makes it useful for a wide variety of pain syndromes throughout the body while at the same time being useful for asthma and other spasmodic conditions.  This herb is quite popular with veterinarians, who have reported it to be very effective in treating many painful conditions of various etiologies.

umbrella plant

Qi ye lian is considered an excellent and safe analgesic herb without the side effects of addiction, mental impairment, liver toxicity, or any diminishing effect. One can use it for acute and chronic pain due to injury, or rheumatic or arthritic pains in the joints and muscles. It can also be useful in the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia, headache, toothache, pain in the stomach and duodenum ulcers, sciatic pain, and lower back pain. Recent research suggests that it is effective to help alleviate diabetic neuropathy pain due to its demonstrated inhibition of neuroinflammation and reduction of oxidative stress.

Phytochemicals

In the 1986 edition of Pharmacology and Applications of Chinese Materia Medica by Chang and But, Qi ye lian was found to contain among its active components organic acids including fumaric acid, succinic acid, malic acid, citric acid, γ-hydroxybutyric acid (GABA), tartaric acid, and aconitic acid. The herb also contains alkaloids, glycosides (cardiac glycosides and saponins), proteins, peptides, amino acids, resin, and phenolic substances. Chang and But attribute these phytochemicals with the following effects: analgesic, sedative and hypnotic, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic on gastrointestinal muscles, bronchodilatory, uterine stimulant, and cardiovascular with virtually no toxicity.

Oxalate Content

Some concern has been expressed that since Schefflera is known to contain oxalic acid, there could be problems with its administration for pets and some humans. Many plants contain chemicals that are intended to discourage foraging by herbivores and schefflera is one. All parts of the schefflera shrub contain calcium oxalate crystals which are insoluble in aqueous environments. These crystals can cause intense pain and irritation to the mouth as well as to the gastrointestinal system when chewed or swallowed. The irritation from the sharp crystals as they embed themselves in soft tissues most often prevents animals from doing more than sampling the plant. If a pet dog or cat should decide to eat the leaves or stems of this plant, it could cause intense pain and irritation to the mouth as well as to the esophagus and the gastrointestinal system upon chewing or swallowing. If a large quantity is consumed, serious results may ensue, including death of the animal. To prevent accidental ingestion, keep schefflera plants out of your cat's or dog’s reach or choose alternative pet-safe houseplants. However, consuming oxalate in a pill form does not cause any adverse effect in the mouth or digestive system of animals.

In humans, many foods that are nutrient rich contain oxalic acids. Although most kidney stones are comprised of calcium oxalate, most people who drink sufficient fluids do not create kidney stones, and the kidneys easily excrete oxalate. Only those with certain risk factors, such as a history of kidney stones or kidney disease, need to be concerned about their intake of oxalate, and your primary care doctor can help assess any risks. (A twenty-four-hour urine test for oxalate levels in the urine is diagnostic.) What’s more, cooking or roasting oxalate-rich foods such as lentils, spinach, Swiss chard, or beets, and potatoes, can significantly reduce oxalate levels.

Nevertheless, Mayway Herbs had Qi Ye Lian, both in raw herb form and pills, tested for oxalates. The bulk herb result was 2.6mg/g of oxalic acid or 0.26%, and the pills contained 0.22%. The serving size for tablets is 2-3 tablets, 2-3 times per day. Each tablet weighs 0.3g, so at the maximum dosage of 9 tablets per day this would yield 5.9mg/day which makes Plum Flower® Qi Ye Lian tablets only a moderately high oxalate food source.

Administration 

This herb is useful for short-term treatment and is also safe for the treatment of chronic or long-term pain conditions.  The recommended dosage is 2-3 tablets 3 per day. Administer half an hour before or one hour after eating. For acute cases, dosage may be increased to 2-3 tablets every 2 hours, then reduced to a maintenance dose as the formula takes effect. May be used medium-term for a few weeks to a few months. This herb is useful over the short-term, but it may also be used over longer periods for chronic conditions. Once the acute symptoms have been relieved, this formula may be combined as needed with an appropriate constitutional formula.

Cautions and Contraindications

Contraindicated during pregnancy. Use with caution during heavy menstrual bleeding. Use with caution in patients on anti-coagulant therapy. Contraindicated with hemorrhagic disorders.

Qi Ye Lian Tablets are an effective, safe, and popular remedy for many cases of minor or occasional pain presenting as Wind Damp Bi or Qi and/or Blood Stagnation. Often clinically successful when used alone, they can also support, with other herbal therapeutic applications. Every herbal practitioner should consider this herbal remedy an important component of their herbal dispensary.

References 

关于作者

Skye Sturgeon, DAOM is the Quality Assurance Manager and Special Consultant for Mayway, USA. Skye was the former Chair of Acupuncture & East Asian Medicine and core faculty member at Bastyr University, core faculty member and Faculty Council Chair at the American College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, and President and Senior Professor of the Acupuncture & Integrative Medicine College, Berkeley. Before making Chinese medicine his career choice, Skye held various positions in the Natural Foods Industry for 12 years and prior to that was a clinical biochemist and toxicologist.

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